Design Principles / Task 1

03/02/25 - 17/02/25 / Week 1 - Week 3

Sheren Princessa Davon / 0362134

Design Principles / Bachelor of Design (Hons) in Creative Media / Taylor's University

Task 1: Exploration


LECTURE

Gestalt Theory
Gestalt theory describes the rules of how the human eye processes visuals, specifically how people may perceive shapes as a single form rather than the individual elements that creates said form.

Fig 1.1 Gestalt Theory by @iconeo on Instagram

Fig 1.2 Gestalt Theory by Noma Bar
https://www.dutchuncle.co.uk/blog/secrets-of-a-ransomware-negotiator-illustrated-by-noma-bar



https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/topics/gestalt-principles?srsltid=AfmBOop_E2sh86zLRKa18ZEoKXIa8ECBx2DZAMRfH2Whg0dDmAELBmhZ

Contrast
Contrast is the use of different visual elements, either by shape, color, or size. It is to capture attention, add variety, or create a focal point in a design.

Fig 1.3 Contrast example by Alexandru Pitea on Behance

Fig 1.4 Contrast example by marvan on Pinterest (https://id.pinterest.com/pin/4644405859620826/)


https://venngage.com/blog/design-principle-contrast/ 

Emphasis
It refers to a specific element used to draw the eye of the reader, it is used to drag the attention to an important part of the design. Emphasis matters so that the human eye is able to naturally land onto the focal point of the design; what the designer wants the reader to see.

Fig 1.5 Emphasis example by Venngage
(https://venngage.com/templates/flyers/tech-digital-flyer-10a6323c-fa1c-4730-ad6f-1755794d5348)


Balance
It is one of the key design principles that ensure that the visual elements in a composition is well-distributed in both weight and visuals. Balance creates a visually-pleasing layout and it doesn't always require a 50-50 division or mirroring of elements to be considered balanced.

Fig 1.6 Balance example by luxeposter
(https://luxeposterco.store/products/green-mid-century-bauhaus-7-poster?variant=44787032097024)


Repetition
Repetition means to use the same/similar elements throughout a design, it can be colors, patterns, images, fonts, etc. It creates consistency and helps in establishing a certain feel throughout the work.

Fig 1.7 Repetition example by swissted 
(https://www.swissted.com/products/the-velvet-underground-in-london-1971?utm_source=pinterest&utm_medium=social)

Movement
Movement allows the designer to create a design that leads the reader's eyes to/around a certain design/artwork. Movement can be created through rhythm and repetition, color, lines (visible and invisible), and action.

Fig 1.8 Movement example Fiesta in Figueres by Salvador Dali

https://www.wingedcanvas.com/single-post/movement-the-principle-of-design

Harmony & Unity
Unity refers to taking the elements in a design and making them feel more whole or cohesive. While harmony is using the elements to point out the similarities of different subject. Together, they help each other in creating a cohesive artwork without minimizing the "boring" elements.

Fig 1.9 Harmony & unity example, Boy with a pipe by Picasso 

Symbol
Symbols in design refers to marks, shapes, images used to represent something in the form of visuals. Symbols help in communicating a message clearly without the need for words.

Fig 1.10 Symbols example by kittl
(https://www.kittl.com/article/popular-symbols-and-meanings-for-graphic-design)

Fig 1.11 Flower symbolism used in logo design by artsigma 
(https://99designs.com/profiles/artsigma/designs/2265394)


Word and Image
Accurate and good imagery is essential in design, helping the viewer relate to a specific meaning or concept of the design. The correct words as well as typeface choices are also vital in deepening the message of the design. Together, imagery and typography should work together to bring forth a specific message in the artwork.

Fig 1.12 Word & Image example 


INSTRUCTIONS



For task, we are to select an artwork/design that piques our interest and explain in a writeup of 150-200 words of why we chose this design and describe the different design principles observed in it.

Anatomy of a Murder Poster by Saul Bass, 1959

Artwork title: Anatomy of a Murder poster
Designer: Saul Bass 
Year: 1959
Size: 104.14cm x 68.58cm
Medium: Lithograph on canvas
Source: https://www.sfmoma.org/artwork/2000.514/ 

Why did I choose this artwork? (186 words)

I was intrigued by this specific movie poster by Saul Bass, mainly because of the quirkiness of the design, incorporating a lot of negative space and fun typography. But upon further inspection I realized that it was a poster for a murder/mystery movie. I was even more interested by the juxtaposition of the design concept with the actual movie, especially since most movie posters about thriller or slasher movies are not often seen depicted with this specific style. 


Saul Bass was a well respected graphic designer, known for his memorable film title sequences which created a new form of kinetic typography. Upon first glance, it is clear that the poster depicts an outline of a body, slightly disassembled, with the arms, legs, and head disconnected from the body, hinting a murder, especially accompanied by the text stating the movie title. This title is effective in setting the dark atmosphere of the movie. Though this style is not often seen in murder/mystery movie posters, the way Bass designs it still gives a sense of mystery to this murder movie, making audiences, myself included, more intrigued.


Design Principles found in Saul Bass’ ‘Anatomy of a Murder’

Gestalt Theory

The main illustration is a flat 2d filled outline of a broken figure colored in a black solid color, disconnected from one another. However, it is still apparent through first glance that it takes shape as a human body despite the spaces between them, instead this space indicates disjointed limbs, which might be hinting on the gore-y nature of the movie.


Contrast

The background is a solid, subtly textured yellow color, which creates high contrast from the black colored illustration, keeping this illustration as the main focus. The bright red background depicting the actors’ names also creates high contrast to the yellow background.


Emphasis

The figure is a solid black color, and placed on the yellow background, it immediately captures the audience’s attention. The typography placed strategically on the figure also allows the audience to register all needed information in one go, emphasizing the main point of this poster.


Balance

Bass was able to achieve balance in this poster through his use of color and visual weight. Since the main illustration is a solid black color which has a lot of weight, Bass kept the background fairly simple and light, incorporating negative space which creates balance.


Repetition

The same style of flat illustrations and colors are seen throughout the poster. Alongside, bold and similar uppercase sans-serif typography is used consistently.


Harmony & Unity

The cuts in the body figure look hand-drawn, it is consistent despite the body being disjointed. With the bold yet light color palette and typography, altogether the shapes and colors tie all the elements to one harmonious and unified design. 


Symbol 

The fragmented body as the main illustration symbolizes the mysterious nature of the movie, reminding the audience of the crime done in the movie, also depicting the fragments that come in detective work as the storyline of working out a murder might be disjointed, just like the figure depicted.


Word & Image

There is a bit of interplay in the typography & illustration of this poster. The title ‘anatomy of a murder’ is paired together with the broken figure, which cleverly depicts a murder; the plot of this movie.




FEEDBACK

Week 2
Mr. Fauzi said that this is a good choice as Saul Bass is a quite well-known designer and it's nice to do some research about design works and designers to help gain a better understanding about the deeper meaning behind designs. Good progress and can proceed.





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